Hospital coordination, language support and accompaniment in China.Support for your medical visit to China.

Explore our support

Research

Read the evidence. Understand the context.

Original reading notes on PFO and related closure-device research. Explore what each publication asks, its limits, and where to read the source.

A guide to this library

Two PFO readings. Two related conditions.

Keep the research questions separate
PublicationType and subjectHow to use it
CirculationOriginal PFO trialRead with the published correction; ask about relevance to your own assessment.
CDTEditorial about PFO researchUnderstand an independent interpretation and open questions.
JAMAOriginal ASD trialRelated background; not a source of PFO outcome figures.
Science BulletinOriginal VSD trialRelated background; not evidence for the same results in PFO.
PFO · Editorial perspectiveCardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy

Bioresorbable patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure—is less more?

Stefan Toggweiler and Mathias Wolfrum · Heart Center Lucerne, Switzerland.

A perspective on bioresorbable PFO closure. Commentary provides context and should be distinguished from the original clinical trial.

ASD · Related researchJAMA · 2025

Bioresorbable vs Metallic Occluders for Transcatheter Atrial Septal Defect Closure: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Ouyang W, Jiang H, Yan X, et al., including Xiangbin Pan.

This trial concerns atrial septal defect (ASD), a different condition from PFO. Its results should not be presented as PFO treatment outcomes.

VSD · Related researchScience Bulletin · 2023

Transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defect using a novel fully bioabsorbable occluder: multicenter randomized controlled trial

This study concerns ventricular septal defect (VSD), not PFO. It is included as related research into bioabsorbable closure devices.

These are brief reading notes and source links, not reproductions of the articles. Inclusion does not imply author or institutional endorsement of China Hospital Access. Discuss medical decisions with your treating clinicians.

Your next step

Let’s start with your questions.

Tell us which kind of care you are exploring and the practical support you need.

Talk to a coordinator ↗

Free initial coordination review